高中therebe句型用法总结

　　一、基本用法

　　There be 句型是英语中最为常用的句型之一， 主要用来表示“人或事物的存在”或“某地有某物”。

　　There在此结构中是引导词，已经没有副词“那里”的含义。be后的名词是句子的主语。

　　其基本用法结构为：

　　There be+名词主语（人或物）+地点

　　其中，be的形式随着后面的名词时单数还是复数而变化，即：当be后面接的是单数可数名词，则采用is;当be后面接的是复数可数名词，则采用are。如：

　　There is a man under the tree.

　　There are some apples on the table.

　　【注意】

　　1、否定句

　　There be的否定句一般是直接在be后加not，not可以缩略为't。如果原句中还有some，一般要改为any。如：

　　There isn't a man under the tree.

　　There aren't any apples on the table.

　　还有一种否定表达方式是通过no来表达，此时的no相当于not...any。如：

　　There is no water in the bottle.

　　There isn't any water in the bottle.

　　There are no pictures on the wall.

　　There aren't any pictures on the wall.

　　2、一般疑问句

　　There be句型要改为一般疑问句，只要把be提到句首即可。其肯定回答为：Yes, there is/are，否定回答为：No, there isn't/aren't。如果原句中含有some，也要改为any。如：

　　- Is there a man under the tree?

　　- Yes, there is. / No, there isn't.

　　- Are there any apples on the table?

　　- Yes, there are. / No, there aren't.

　　3、特殊疑问句

　　There be 句型的特殊疑问句主要有how many和how much做引导词两种情况。如：

　　There are five thousand students in our school. (就five thousand提问)

　　How many students are there in your school?

　　There is a little money in my wallet. (就a little提问)

　　How much money is there in your wallet?

　　4、反义疑问句

　　There be的反义疑问句一般是以be作为反义疑问部分的助动词来用，它也遵循“前肯后否、前否后肯”的原则。如：

　　There is a cup on the table, isn't there?

　　该句前半句为肯定句，所以反义疑问句部分要采用否定的isn't。

　　There is no juice left in the bottle, is there?

　　该句前半句为否定句，所以反义疑问句部分要采用肯定的is。

　　二、主谓一致

　　1、不可数名词作主语

　　当be后接的是不可数名词时，be要采用is;当其后接的是由表量的名词的复数所连接的不可数名词时，be要采用are。如：

　　There is some bread on the plate.

　　There are three pieces of bread on the plate.

　　2、就近原则

　　如果There be 后面是几个并列名词时，动词be的形式和最靠近它的那个名词保持数的一致。如：

　　There is an apple, two plates and five bowls on the table.

　　There are two plates, an apple and five bowls on the table.

　　三、时态变化

　　There be 句型中的be可以有一般现在时、一般过去时、将来时和完成时的变化。如：

　　There are some people talking loudly in the reading room.

　　There was a car race in the town last year.

　　There will be a meeting next Friday.

　　There has been a great increase in population in the city in the past five years.