英语所有时态及用法

回答
爱扬教育

2022-04-15

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英语的时态(tense)是一种动词形式,不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式。
是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此,当我们说时态结构的时候,指的是相应时态下的动词形式。

扩展资料

  一、 一般现在时:

英语所有时态及用法

  1、概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

  2、时间状语: always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,

  3、基本结构:动词 原形 (如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改为第三人称单数形式)

  4、否定形式:am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。

  5、一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。

  6、例句:It seldom snows here.

  He is always ready to help others.

  Action speaks louder than words.

  二、 一般过去时:

  1、概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

  2、时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week,last(year, night, month…),just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.

  3、基本结构:be动词;行为动词 的过去式

  4.否定形式:was/were+not;在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。

  5、一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。

  6、例句:She often came to help us in those days.

  I didn't know you were so busy.

  三、 现在进行时:

  1、概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

  2、时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc.

  3、基本结构:am/is/are+doing

  4、否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing.

  5、一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。

  6、例句: How are you feeling today?

  He is doing well in his lessons.

  四、 过去进行时:

  1、概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

  2、时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

  3、基本结构:was/were+doing

  4、否定形式:was/were + not + doing.

  5.一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。

  6、例句:At that time she was working in a PLA unit.

  When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.

  五、 现在完成时:

  1、概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。

  2、时间状语:recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.

  3、基本结构:have/has + done

  4.否定形式:have/has + not +done.

  5.一般疑问句:have或has。

  6、例句:I've written an article.

  The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.

  六、 过去完成时:

  1、概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。

  2、时间状语:before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.

  3、基本结构:had + done.

  4、否定形式:had + not + done.

  5.一般疑问句:had放于句首。

  6、例句:As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.

  By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books

  七、 一般将来时:

  1、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

  2、时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.

  3、基本结构:am/is/are/going to + do;will/shall + do.

  4.否定形式:was/were + not; 在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。

  5、一般疑问句:be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。

  6、例句:They are going to have a competition with us in studies.

  It is going to rain.

  八、 过去将来时:

  1、概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。

  2、时间状语:the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.

  3、基本结构:was/were/going to + do;would/should + do.

  4、否定形式:was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.

  5、一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。

  6、例句:He said he would go to Beijing the next day.

  I asked who was going there .

  九.将来完成时:

  1、概念:在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态

  2、时间状语:by the time of;by the end of+时间短语(将来);by the time+从句(将来)

  3、基本结构:be going to/will/shall + have done

  十、现在完成进行时:

  1、概念:在过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态一直持续到说话为止

  2、基本结构:have/has +been+doing